No more fish 'n' chips?
Can fish'n' chips survive?
The original British fast food is struggling ......
Long
before the Big Mac was invented, Britain had its own
national form of fast food.
"When I was a young man, it was the sort of thing you'd have once or twice a week," remembers 82-year old Arthur Mowbrey. "Sixty years ago, you'd get a full size portion of cod and chips for sixpence. It was cheap, and good."
Fish 'n' chips was nourishing too. It was a proper meal, that you could eat in the street on your way home from work, or during the lunch-break. Wrapped in newspaper, it would keep warm to the last chip, even on the coldest days of the year.
In the last quarter of a century, things have changed.
"It's not so popular with young people these days," says Lizzie, a teenager. "Most of the time, if young people want to eat out, they'll go for a hamburger or something like that, or a Chinese take-away. Fish 'n' chips is a bit old-fashioned really, I suppose. But there are still cheap chip shops around. I had fish 'n' chips about three weeks ago. We sometimes have it at home, and we go and get it from the chip shop. It saves cooking!"
Thousands of chip shops, however, have closed in the last twenty-five years. Some have been turned into Chinese or Indian take-aways, others have just closed. They have survived best in seaside towns, where the fish is really fresh, and people visit them more as a tradition than for any other reason.
Yet
nothing, perhaps, can save the classic fish
'n' chip shop from extinction.
Fish 'n' chips wrapped in newspaper is already just a memory of the
past. British and European hygiene rules no longer allow food to be
wrapped in old papers, so today's carry-out chip shops use new paper or
styrofoam
cartons. Of course, you can still eat fish and chips with your fingers
if you want, but there are now plastic throw-away forks for those who
don't want to get greasy fingers!
Yet in spite of these changes, the classic fish 'n' chip shop could disappear from British streets in a few years' time, for a completely different reason; lack of fish.
For over twenty years, European agriculture ministers have been trying to solve the fish problem, but with little success. As a result of modern industrial fishing, some types of fish are facing extinction in the North Sea and Atlantic. "Overfishing in the North Sea has reached crisis levels," say Greenpeace. Quotas have been introduced, but each time there are new restrictions, fishermen in Britain, France, Spain and other countries protest, because jobs are lost.
Sadly, this is inevitable; and unless strict quotas are applied, thousands of European fishermen could lose their jobs, as there will be few fish left to catch (at least, few of the kinds of fish that people want to eat). One way or the other, sea fish will become rarer, and therefore more expensive.
The gradual disappearance of the traditional British fish 'n' chips shop is therefore bound to continue. Fish and chips, however, will survive as a speciality in pubs and restaurants, and in new up-market fish restaurants. Comfortable, more expensive fish restaurants, with chairs and tables, have existed for a long time of course, alongside stand-up carry-out fish 'n' chip shops. In the years to come, they may be the only type of fish 'n' chip restaurant to survive.
Every town in Britain had its fish 'n' chip shops. No British town is more than 150 km. from a sea port, and most are much closer; once railways were built in the nineteenth century, fresh sea fish could easily be bought in all British towns. Cheaper than meat, sea fish became a popular source of protein ; by 1870, "fish and chip shops" were springing up all over the country. For a hundred years, they were the classic popular restaurant, British style.
WORDS:
carry-out: meal to eat in the street - can afford: have enough money for - cod: a type of fish - nourishing: of good quality -- break: period of rest - wrapped: done up, contained - quarter of a century: 25 years - take away: carry-out, restaurant - saves cooking: means that there is no need to cook anything - extinction: disappearance - styrofoam: polystyrene - lack: absence - solve: find an answer to - inevitable: certain to happen, unavoidable - bound to: certain to - up-market: high quality - alongside: beside - spring up: appear
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Student Worksheet
Exercise:Here is a short résumé of the article. Unfortunately, it contains twenty mistakes. Most mistakes concern single words, others concern expressions. Can you pick them out, and correct them, changing the text as little as possible. The text in the box can be directly edited, but not styled. To highlight and/or save your changes, copy the text to a document or email where you can make changes and add text style.
Today, there are a thousand less chip shops than there were twenty years ago, though they are already popular at the seaside, where the chips are fresh.
However, many more traditional fish `n' chip shops will certainly appear in the coming years, because of a like of fish. People are fishing so much in the North Sea and the Baltic, because there are no restrictions or quotas. Soon, there will be thousands more jobs for fishers in Europe, as there will be more and more fish to catch. Fish `n' chip shops are therefore bound to continue as a great British tradition.
Interactive grammar exercise: nouns and articles
Replace the missing articles in this extract from the text, but only when they are required. If no article is possible, choose Ø2. "When I was young man, it was sort of thing you'd have once or twice week," remembers 82-year old Arthur Mowbrey. "Sixty years ago, you'd get full size portion of cod and chips for sixpence. It was cheap, and good."
3. Fish 'n' chips was nourishing too. It was proper meal, that you could eat in street on your way home from work, or during lunch-break. Wrapped in newspaper, it would keep warm to last chip, even on coldest days of year.
4. In last quarter of a century, things have changed.
5. "It's not so popular with young people these days," says Lizzie, teenager. "Most of time, if young people want to eat out, they'll go for hamburger or something like that, or Chinese take-away. Fish 'n' chips is a bit old-fashioned really, I suppose. But there are still cheap chip shops around. I had fish 'n' chips about three weeks ago.
Teachers.
Nouns: the expression fish 'n' chips is an interesting example of nouns used as generalisations in the singular (fish) and the plural (chips); no article is possible before either word.Also note that we normally consider an expression like fisn 'n' chips to be a singular combining entity. So we say Fish 'n' chips was...... We could say Fish 'n' chips were..... but that would change the meaning, to mean fish were and chips were (so a plural)
In the articles exercise above, there are some instances where it is possible to use either an indefinite or a definite article; but in most cases only one is answer is possible, and in many cases no article is required or possible. These are the cases on which it is important to concentrate. Taken by paragraph, they are boxes: 1/2, 1/3 , 2/5, 3/3, 4/2, 5/1, 5/4, 5/7, 5/8, essentially where nouns are used in the singular or the plural as generalisations.
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Revised 2019 . Originally published in Freeway, the Intermediate level English newsmagazine.
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