Britain's Chinese come out Top !

     "My parents came to Britain over 45 years ago, from Hong Kong. My dad couldn't speak much English, and my mum couldn't speak a word. She still doesn't speak it very well. But they pushed me through school, and made sure I got to university. I graduated with a degree in computer engineering, and found it easy to get a job."

     Martin is one of the well-educated well-paid Chinese British, who make up one of the biggest success stories in modern Britain.

     Fifty years ago, most of the Chinese immigrants in Britain were poorly educated, and worked in arduous conditions in relatively poorly paid jobs, notably in catering; but according to a survey published last spring, Britain's 170,000 Chinese are now the best qualified, most highly educated and most economically successful ethnic group in the United Kingdom.

     Over 50% of all young Chinese British now get university degrees or other higher education diplomas — about double the national average; and unemployment among Chinese British is lower than for any other ethnic group. Martin Chow has good reason to be confident.

     Like many of the Hong Kong Chinese who came to Britain in the 1960's and 1970's, Wu Chow, Martin's father, arrived almost penniless. Working long hours as a cook in a restaurant, and living very frugally, Wu nevertheless managed to save up  some of his meagre earnings, and within five years had enough money in the bank to be able to open his own restaurant.

     Wu's Chinese Takeaway was certainly not luxurious; however, situated near the middle of a small town in the English Midlands, it provided a service that no other local restaurant (except for a fish 'n' chip shop) was providing : carry-out food at affordable prices; it soon became popular.

     The takeaway was very much a family business, the Chows lived in a flat near the shop, and Wu and his wife served Chinese food from 10 a.m. until 10 p.m. six days a week. Sometimes, the shop would stay open later, till 11 or midnight. Martin and his brother Brian would help out after school most days, running errands, chopping vegetables, or washing the pans.

     In spite of this, Wu made sure that his children did their schoolwork properly; if something had to be learned for homework, Martin and Brian were not allowed to go to bed until they knew it.

     "Yes, we had to work hard even when we were quite small," says Martin, "But it seemed quite normal to us. Everyone in the family worked hard. Chinese people believe in hard work and in family values; it's part of our tradition, and I think that's why we're successful."

     The experience of the Chow family was mirrored by thousands of other Chinese immigrant families all over Britain. While most Asian and West Indian immigrants tended to group together and form concentrated ethnic communities in specific towns and cities, the first generation of Chinese immigrants dispersed nationwide , specialising in restaurants and takeaways, and determined to make sure that their own children would never experience the poverty and hardship that they often had to endure.

     Sociologists point out that other immigrant groups in history have followed the classic "rags-to-riches" path; but none before has ever done so in the space of a single generation.

     Today's young Chinese British are ambitious and hard-working; and it is not just the young men. Unlike some other ethnic groups, Chinese parents in Britain are as keen to encourage their daughters as their sons, and plenty  of young Chinese women are now graduating as lawyers, doctors and accountants. Indeed, the differences in qualifications and earnings between men and women among "second generation Chinese British" are less than they are for any other ethnic group, including "ethnic British".

     Martin's wife Tania (born to Chinese parents in Singapore) is a lawyer.

     "We enjoy a fairly comfortable life, for us and our children," says Martin. "That's the reward for hard work , and its part of our way of life. Look at Hong Kong and Taiwan and Singapore, and look at the way China's booming now people have a bit more freedom!"

    "Would you go back and live in the Far East?"

     "Maybe, but I don't think so. After all, I was born in England, and I like it here. I know I'm Chinese, but I've got a British passport! I feel I'm English too!"

frank: direct, clear - arduous: difficult - catering: the restaurant sector - frugal: simple - meagre earnings: the little money he earned - flat: apartment - run errands: go out to do small jobs - West Indian: Caribbean - endure: go through - accountant: financial expert -

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